A Study of Doxycycline to Treat Chlamydial Infection

What this study involves

The registry does not currently label this study as recruiting. Ask about its status before planning a screening visit.

Study type

Interventional

Phase

Phase 4

Age range

16 years - Not specified

Sex eligible

All sexes

Healthy volunteers

Not accepted

Participants

526 Actual

These are starting points, not an eligibility decision. The research team must review the full requirements.

About the research

This is a Phase 4 blinded, randomized, active-controlled, non-inferiority trial. Final evaluable population will include a minimum 596 individuals: 298 women with confirmed urogenital chlamydia (CT) and 298 men with confirmed rectal chlamydia (CT). Approximately 664 participants will be enrolled to achieve a minimum 596 participants who contribute primary outcome data. Randomization will be stratified by study site and sex: 332 women and 332 men. Participants will be randomized 1:1 to a 3-day regimen of doxycycline or a 7-day regimen of doxycycline. The study blind will be maintained by providing 7 days of identical pre-filled blister packs, one with 3 days of active treatment and 4 days of placebo, and the other with 7 days of active treatment. Participants will be asked to return 28 days after randomization (at day 29), at which time they will be re-tested for chlamydia (CT) using a laboratory-based chlamydia (CT) nucleic acid amplification test (NAAT).

Who may be able to participate?

The list below is the sponsor’s full registry wording. It can include conditions, prior treatment, test results and other requirements. A match in search does not mean you qualify.

Inclusion Criteria:

1. Has untreated urogenital chlamydia (CT) (in women) or rectal CT (in men), diagnosed with a positive nucleic acid amplification test (NAAT) (point-of care or laboratory-based)\* result within 14 days

\*Point-of-care (POC) test may or may not be FDA-cleared for CLIA waiver for diagnosis depending upon anatomic site of infection.
2. Must be age \>/=16 years (where the IRB permits individuals aged 16-17 years old to consent to research); otherwise age \>/= 18 years
3. Willing and able to understand and provide written informed consent before initiation of any study procedures
4. Willing to complete a 7-day study drug regimen
5. Willing to abstain from condomless anal or vaginal sex during the trial
6. Willing and able to adhere to planned study procedures for all study visits
7. Has valid contact information

Exclusion Criteria:

1. For women: lower abdominal or pelvic pain or other signs or symptoms consistent with a clinical diagnosis of pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) Per the CDC's 2021 STD Treatment Guidelines or refer to local guidelines.
2. Signs and symptoms that, in the judgement of a qualified clinician, warrant a prolonged course of treatment with doxycycline For example, 21 days of doxycycline for presumed lymphogranuloma venereum infection.
3. Received antimicrobial therapy active against C. trachomatis within 21 days prior to positive chlamydia (CT) test result, or between the positive chlamydia (CT) test result and study enrollment Use of the following antibiotics is exclusionary: doxycycline and related tetra- or glycylcyclines, macrolides (including azithromycin), fluoroquinolones, rifampin, quinupristin-dalfopristin, and linezolid. Note: Amoxicillin, penicillin, ceftriaxone, and other beta-lactam antibiotics are not considered exclusionary for this study.
4. Planning to take antimicrobial therapy active against chlamydia (CT) during the study period (e.g. doxycycline post-exposure prophylaxis, treatment for Mycoplasma genitalium infection, acne, or any other non-STI medical condition).
5. Currently enrolled in or plan to enroll in another study using antimicrobial therapy active against C. trachomatis during the study period
6. Pregnant or lactating, or plan to become pregnant within the study period
7. Known moderate to severe allergy to tetracyclines, excluding tetracycline-induced photosensitivity.
8. Plan to move or travel to another location that would preclude study follow-up appointments in clinic in the next 30 days
9. Use of a medication contraindicated to treatment with doxycycline within 7 days prior to enrollment or during the study period (systemic retinoids, barbiturates, carbamazepine, phenytoin, warfarin)
10. Previous enrollment in this trial
11. Any condition that, in the judgment of the investigator, precludes participation because it could affect participant safety or determination of study endpoints.

Of note, the following factors will NOT exclude participants from the study:

• Concomitant untreated gonorrhea (rectal, pharyngeal, or urethral) or known exposure to gonorrhea in the time between CT testing and study enrollment. Gonococcus (GC) infection identified during the course of pre-screening or screening will be treated per clinic standard practice and in accordance with local guidelines without concomitant azithromycin or other treatment for Chlamydia trachomatis infection.
• Clinical diagnosis of concomitant untreated primary or secondary syphilis or known exposure to syphilis
• Urethritis among men
• Contraception status
• Diagnosis of HIV

Treatment, groups and participation

The registry may describe treatments and study duration without a complete visit calendar. Ask the study team for the exact schedule, procedures, risks, costs and alternatives. Keep your usual care plan unless your treating clinician tells you otherwise.

Assignment

Random assignment

Masking

Triple masked

What researchers are measuring

Outcome measures describe what is being studied. They are not proof that a treatment works.

Primary measures

Secondary measures

Research locations (7)

The overall study status and a local site’s status can differ. Confirm that location’s availability before traveling.

7 locations

Study team and timeline

Lead sponsor

National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID)

Study start

Jan 19, 2024 Actual

Primary completion

Feb 12, 2026 Actual

Study completion

Feb 12, 2026 Actual

First posted

May 3, 2023 Actual

Last updated

Nov 10, 2026 Actual

Official study contacts

No central contact is listed. Check the locations and the official record.