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CompletedNCT04850274ClinicalTrials.gov record

Using Re-inforcement Learning to Automatically Adapt a Remote Therapy Intervention (RTI) for Reducing Adolescent Violence Involvement

Violence · Substance Use · Criminal Behavior · Violence in Adolescence

THE QUICK READ

What this study involves

The registry does not currently label this study as recruiting. Ask about its status before planning a screening visit.

Study type
Interventional
Phase
Not applicable
Age range
14 years - 24 years
Sex eligible
All sexes
Healthy volunteers
Accepted
Participants
584 Actual

These are starting points, not an eligibility decision. The research team must review the full requirements.

About the research

This study will use a randomized control trial (RCT) design to administer two versions of a multisession remote behavioral intervention for youth seeking Emergency Department care for a violent injury with the goal to reduce their violence involvement and associated negative behaviors and consequences. The study examines two versions of the remote therapy intervention - a standard RTI (S-RTI) and an Artificial Intelligence RTI (AI-RTI). The application of a just-in-time adaptive strategy to address youth violence is an important and novel direction for this research, particularly given the need to understand best practices for delivering behavioral interventions among lower-income populations.

Read the full description

The Specific Aims for the proposed study are to refine the Remote Therapy Intervention (RTI) for delivery using a standardized remote therapy package (S-RTI; 1 ED + 5 remote sessions) based on a piloted RTI and an adaptive RTI that optimizes bi-weekly dose and intervention intensity between four levels of therapy (remote therapy+, remote therapy; automated electronic tailored therapy; none) based on a reinforcement learning (RL) algorithm \[AI-RTI\]. A total of 600 youth (age=14-24) seeking ED care for a violent injury will be enrolled and randomly assigned (stratified by age/gender) to the S-RTI (n=200), AI-RTI (n=200), and a control (EUC; n=200) condition. In addition to the randomized assignment, all youth will take a daily assessment over the course of the intervention timeline. Outcomes will be assessed at 6 and 12 months.

Who may be able to participate?

The list below is the sponsor’s full registry wording. It can include conditions, prior treatment, test results and other requirements. A match in search does not mean you qualify.

Inclusion Criteria:

  • Youth will be eligible if they screen is positive for seeking treatment in the ED for a violent injury, age 14-24, and report ownership of a smartphone with texting capability and internet access.

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Youth will be excluded if they do not understand English, cannot provide informed consent due to mental incompetence, incarceration or medical instability (unstable patients will be recruited if they stabilize within 30 days of ED visit), are 14-17 years old and presenting without an accessible parent/guardian, are presenting for suicide attempt/intent, sexual assault, and/or child abuse (due to high intensity of social services needed for such patients during their ED visit) or live out of the city or state where they were seen.
Understand screening

Treatment, groups and participation

The registry may describe treatments and study duration without a complete visit calendar. Ask the study team for the exact schedule, procedures, risks, costs and alternatives. Keep your usual care plan unless your treating clinician tells you otherwise.

Assignment
Random assignment
Masking
Single masked
Remote Therapy Intervention

Youth will receive the maximal dose of six S-RTI therapy sessions delivered by a remote therapist with no alteration in intensity

Behavioral: Remote Therapy Intervention (RTI)

Artificial Intelligence Remote Therapy Intervention

Youth will first receive a remote therapy session in the Emergency Department (ED). The RL system will then make decisions about the intensity of each subsequent therapy session (the initial decision is seven days post ED visit and bi-weekly \[i.e., every other two weeks\] thereafter) for the next 11 weeks. Potential treatment decisions include a 30-minute remote therapy session delivered via phone or video chat (mirroring the S-RTI), a less intensive tailored Motivational Interviewing (MI)-adherent electronic remote therapy (delivered by an electronic robot), or an assessment only without intervention.

Behavioral: Artificial Intelligence Remote Therapy Intervention

Enhanced Usual Care

The youth's retaliatory risk will be assessed and a pamphlet with referrals for violence, substance use, and mental health services will be provided.

Remote Therapy Intervention (RTI) BEHAVIORAL

A single ED session followed by 5 remote therapy sessions

Artificial Intelligence Remote Therapy Intervention BEHAVIORAL

Optimized by reinforcement learning to step up or down the intensity of treatment between three levels based on patient response to daily assessments.

Prepare your questions

What researchers are measuring

Outcome measures describe what is being studied. They are not proof that a treatment works.

Primary measures

Change in Aggression

Time frame: Baseline, 6-months, 12-months

Aggression will be measured at baseline, 6-month follow-up, 12-month follow-up. Conflict Tactic Scale measures have been used in prior work and is scored using a summary score (0=Never; 6=20+ Times).

Change in Victimization

Time frame: Baseline, 6-months, 12-months

Aggression will be measured at baseline, 6-month follow-up, 12-month follow-up. Conflict Tactic Scale measures have been used in prior work and is scored using a summary score (0=Never; 6=20+ Times).

No results are flagged as posted.

Review the complete result tables and limitations in the official record.

Open official results ↗

Research locations (4)

The overall study status and a local site’s status can differ. Confirm that location’s availability before traveling.

4 locations

Grady Health SystemAtlanta, Georgia, United StatesStatus unknown
Ascension St. John HospitalDetroit, Michigan, United StatesStatus unknown
Hurley Medical CenterFlint, Michigan, United StatesStatus unknown
HUP and PPMCPhiladelphia, Pennsylvania, United StatesStatus unknown

Study team and timeline

Lead sponsor
University of Michigan
Study start
May 19, 2021 Actual
Primary completion
Feb 13, 2026 Actual
Study completion
Feb 13, 2026 Actual
First posted
Apr 20, 2021 Actual
Last updated
Nov 10, 2026 Actual

Official study contacts

No central contact is listed. Check the locations and the official record.

Official study title

Using Re-inforcement Learning to Automatically Adapt a Remote Therapy Intervention (RTI) for Reducing Adolescent Violence Involvement

A HUMAN NEXT STEP

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Source: ClinicalTrials.gov API v2. Information is submitted by sponsors and investigators. NLM does not approve the safety or science of all listed studies. Registry disclaimer.

Retrieved: Nov 12, 2026 · Last registry update: Nov 10, 2026